Nitric oxide-mediated regulation of gamma interferon-induced bacteriostasis: inhibition and degradation of human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase.

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Inhibition and Degradation of Human Interferon-Induced Bacteriostasis: Nitric Oxide-Mediated Regulation of Gamma

Interleukin-1 inhibits gamma interferon-induced bacteriostasis in human uroepithelial cells.

The most prominent gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-induced antimicrobial effector mechanisms are the induction of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) and of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity. We have recently found that human glioblastoma cells and human macrophages inhibit the growth of group B streptococci after stimulation with IFN-gamma. In this report, we show that in addition, human RT...

Post-translational regulation of human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity by nitric oxide.

The heme protein indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is induced by the proinflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) and plays an important role in the immune response by catalyzing the oxidative degradation of L-tryptophan (Trp) that contributes to immune suppression and tolerance. Here we examined the mechanism by which nitric oxide (NO) inhibits human IDO activity. Exposure of IFNgamma-...

Antimicrobial and immunoregulatory effector mechanisms in human endothelial cells. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase versus inducible nitric oxide synthase.

In infectious diseases, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is generally accepted as one of the most important inducers of antimicrobial and immunoregulatory effects, and both seemingly contradictory effects, can be mediated by the same effector molecules. In detail, several IFN-gamma induced enzymes such as the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) as well as the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) al...

Role of IFN-gamma-induced indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the replication of human cytomegalovirus in retinal pigment epithelial cells.

An in vitro model of human CMV infection of primary retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells was used to study the effects of cytokines on CMV replication in these cells, which are targets of CMV infection in vivo. IFN-gamma and IFN-beta were potent inhibitors of CMV replication in RPE cells, while TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, or TGF-beta2 did not affect viral replication. Inhibition by IFN-gamma, and to...